Why-Pi?
THE 2000 SEASON
Among the myriad shapes, forms, numbers, geometries and sundry clues of the summer I found that my winter attention was repeatedly snagged, like clothing on a thorn-bush, by the number twenty-nine. What was 29, why was it so widespread and what might it mean? I had no knowledge or familiarity with this number. I consulted several friends, including the venerable John Michell, but nobody seemed able to help me.
The beautiful and enigmatic Silbury Stars [Fig.2] formation of 24th July 2000 was a prime example. Six stars each with five points made thirty. But one was conspicuously and inexplicably torn away. Leaving 29!Going back one year there was the seminal Bishops Cannings basket [Fig.3] of 6th August 1999. It had seven arms, each formed of four circles (making 28) with an additional central circle. 29 again!
The Avebury Trusloe formation of 22nd July 2000 [Fig.4] was the formation that truly opened the door. The geometry was based on a 60-fold radial division of the circle. There should be sixty spikes around the perimeter but the form is divided into two almost brain-like hemispheres and, at each end of the division, a spike or point is removed. Study the photograph for a moment and see how the removal of these two points helps to give the formation the appearance of a twin-lobed entity. And each of these hemispheres now has twenty-nine points!
But perhaps the narrative was advanced by another, more crucial, feature of Avebury Trusloe. The date was the twenty-second of July or 22/7. Now anyone familiar with the simplest mathematical ideas will recognise 22/7 or 22 over 7 or 22 divided by 7 as the most popular formula for Pi or π, the constant used in all calculations involving circles or circularity.
Graphic [Fig.5] shows the difference between “pure” Pi and the conventional working 22/7 version. Arithmetically, they are very close to each other. They are both irrational or “endless” numbers. Apparently, the pure version has been calculated to over six million digits. The diagram [Fig.6] demonstrates the relationship between circumference (22) and diameter (7).
The authors of the crop circle phenomenon regularly display prodigious inventiveness, but I can see the difficulty in signing, “divided by” in the wheat. They simply added the 22 and the 7 together and assumed that, sooner or later, we would work it out.
A COUPLE OF CONFIRMATIONS
The dazzling Picked Hill formation [Fig.7] of 13th August 2000 brought clear support to the Pi theory. This beautiful and elaborate design had 44 radial elements and 14 concentric rings. 44/14 = 22/7 = π. In diagram [Fig.8] eleven of the radial elements are numbered in red for clarity while the green triangles show a unit from each concentric circle.
On the 1st September 1999 at Avebury Manor [Fig.9] the Pi symbol itself was positioned, seemingly almost as an afterthought, by a complex eight-fold formation. I believe that this was the only time π has been imprinted in the fields.
A 2001 HYPOTHESIS
I believed in 2001, as I believe today, that the authors and engineers of the circles are playing fair. They seem to me to have consistently demonstrated a rigorous integrity. There is wit, but there are no tricks.
How then was I (were we) to respond to this? Here was a clear demonstration of will and intent. These events were too consistent and too clear to be brushed under the carpet as “coincidence”. I felt that the reiterated references to Pi were undeniable and unchallengeable. What
might this mean?
I have referred often to the ancient conundrum of Squaring the Circle but I want here to consider it more in philosophical and symbolic terms than in relation to number or geometry. If the Square is the token of the world and of material reality and the Circle is taken to be the symbol of God and the spiritual realm then the Squaring of the Circle, or, as I prefer, the Circling of the Square is emblematic of a marriage, or at least reconciliation, between the two.
Pi, the constant in the ordering of all things circular, might thus be seen as the master-key; a symbolic toolbox to aid us in our endeavours to manifest heaven (or a small part of it) here.

THE BARBURY CASTLE PI FORMATION
The pattern was ten-fold radially (that is, like a pizza it was divided into ten slices of 36°) and ten-fold concentrically (that is the path was made of several arcs, each of which was a part of one of ten concentric circles). It took many long hours to work out the meaning embodied in the formation.
The path was swept outwards from the central black circle. Using diagram [Fig.11] we move onto the first red arc and we see that it covers three 36° slices. We then see the small red circle representing the decimal point. We note 3. (three point…) before we move out on to the next, lilac arc (one slice) and then to yellow (four slices). We have now established 3.14… and the diagram will continue to build the Pi number.
The wedges, the pizza slices, were exactly 36° and the concentric arc pathways were precisely 10’9” centre to centre.This remains for me one of the most beautiful crop circles that I have seen and it is an astonishment that, beneath this charm, lies an elegant and innovative method of encoding the Pi number.
This would have been enough, but after some days, Bert Janssen a researcher from Holland, discovered that the bridle path (on the right of the photograph) formed one side of the square which squares the circle. This is a miracle of precise placement. The intelligence and foresight required to achieve this accuracy of juxtaposition is breathtaking.
Four years later, I look back on the Barbury Pi formation with respect and wonder. I can recall few crop events that integrated beauty and meaning with such assurance.

FROME
I believe this was Frome’s first formation and it was immediately intriguing.
It presented a confident and knowing assembly of a few simple elements, but geometrically it revealed little. There was something indefinably inviting about this neat little crop circle. My friend Daniel Rozman was an early visitor and he was particularly moved. You can read about his visit on cropcirclecyclist.com.
It was through Daniel that I first saw the crucial diagram [Fig.12] by Johan Andersson. Johan had been running through polygonal geometries when he noticed an interesting synchronicity with eleven-fold. Intuitively he doubled it to twenty-two and found that the two elements within the broad flattened ring were impeccably held, sized and positioned by the geometry.
Whenever I see or hear the number 22 I assume it will refer to one of two things. Either the second number of the Master Number Series that deals with our relationship with other dimensions, or 22/7 the simplified working Pi formula.
I found that a heptagram, a seven pointed star, exactly fitted and located the small circle at the centre of the formation [Fig.13]. I sent Johan a copy of my drawing and we agreed we have a Pi formation.
It only remains to find that Frome squares the circle. I cannot do it. I have asked Allan Brown to help. Anyone out there?

OVERVIEW
In 1999 at Avebury Manor we received, for the first and only time, the Pi symbol. Through 1999 and 2000 there were many references to twenty-two over seven. In 2002 at Barbury Castle we had an amazing transmission of the Pi number. Now, at Frome, in an unassertive little crop circle we are given, undeniably and inarguably, yet another Pi reference.
I am certain of nothing but I still feel that my 2001 Hypothesis is good until something better comes along. I also challenge those who have time for the tired old hoax nonsense to read this and comment. Abusive responses or those sent under stupid fake names will not even be read.
Acknowledgements and thanks
Photography: Steve Alexander, Ulrich Kox
Diagrams and graphics: Johan Andersson, Ofmil Haynes Jr













I am wondering…if you continue constructing the circle from Fig.11…
If you keep adding ‘pizza slices’ (read upcoming Pi numbers) using same principles the author(s) did. If you construct it up to a bigger number of Pi digits, experiment with the space beetween the lines (maybe reduce it…or even remove it entirely) and look at the larger, zoomed out picture of new formation?
It’s just an idea…probably you tried it already.
Greetings from Croatia!
Dear Michael,
Thank you for this article. I have forwarded it to several people I love wishing to share with them something of beauty. I also forwarded to someone I had encouraged years ago to visit Wiltshire for the formations. He came back saying he saw nothing there that could not have been man made; the unspoken generalization for him was that all formations are man made. Perhaps your work will encourage him to consider other possibilities.
Lots of love,
Laara
Beautiful article Michael. And what a coincidence. Right now I am preparing my lectures that I will present on 14 July 2012 in Marlborough and on 28 July 2012 in Glastonbury. In those lectures I will actually explain ‘Why Pi’. Although I have called the lectures ‘The Ripple Effect’, in the end I explain why I think Pi pops up so many times!
Thanks again for the wonderful insights.
Bert Janssen
Michael,
You and I have trodden uneasy paths alongside each other during many years researching the crop circles. For various reasons we have become somewhat effected by how we view the causes of some of them. I don’t wish to go there in this communication and I’m sure you don’t either.
The reason I dropped in is to say what an excellent piece of work you have produced on this page. I acknowledge the work involved and wanted to congratulate you on it.
Best wishes – Colin Andrews
Hello Michael,
I am the director of the Bay Area Crop Circle Study Group in the San Francisco Bay Area. Our last group meeting was about Pi. I purchased your DVDs a few years ago and was informed by your analyses you presented in the first portion of this blog, and also by Bert Janssen’s work.
One of the aspects of the crop circles that continues to amaze and inspire me is the multitude of perspectives from which value can be milked out of them, like in alchemy where layer upon layer of meaning is imbedded. I particularly wish to give a shout out for another wonderful resource, although not crop circle centric, the work of Marty Leeds: “Pi – The Great Work”. His manifold research into Pi is multivalent, like the crop circles.
Bert’s article of his discovery about how the ellipsis (dot dot dot) in the Barbary Pi formation shows Pi was stunning also. After reading it I started noticing that proportion of 3 dots in lots of other formations, including the one you have above: Bishop Cannings 1999. I would love to have some proportional measurement of those three dots so that I could apply this to many other designs, for instance the Cherhill smoking alien from last year.
I have come to understand from the influence of Bert’s and your research that we do not have to “square the circle” or “circle the square.” In fact, the universe is already perfected. We are in a Squared Circle to start! Profound.
Thank you for the treasure you are and all your work.
Marien Grace
Hi Michael,
Thanks for another one of your fine articles.
I am happy to let you know that I am ‘the one out there’ because I succeeded in squaring this circle.
I will send the file as soon as possible and if you want you can use it on your website,
Kind regards,
Rieks Schreuder
Wow! What a wonderful world of symbolic messaging you have revealed to me. I am almost giddy in my delight, as I have long been interested in crop circles. However, I was always ridiculed by “scholarly” minds around me suggesting I was somehow niaeve in not recognizing all crop circles where nothing more than small groups of men walking through fields in the middle of the night, planks of wood and strung together cans of Carling in tow.
Thank you. Yet, at the same time, maybe not. As you have now propelled my curiosity from absolute recognition to the reality of “something else” at play here, to a constant, unending torment of frustration. Frustration in the knowledge of the non-recognition, and even deliberate destruction of some very profound messaging. Why? Who can possibly look at these examples and not bow their heads in shame over the thought of their originators observing the “leadership” of the intended simply casting away these windows of oportunity. Makes me wonder how many formations of even greater enlightenment have been destroyed by the “leaders” before you fine folk ever lay eyes upon them.
I feel lost.
Hello Michael.
I enjoy reading this blog. You write in a delightful way.
I have a thought concerning the squaring of the Frome circle: Two of the tram lines (the two right ones from the perspective of the photo used here) touch the sides of two of the circles. Actually, both of them touch the inside of a ring. If you connect the points where these two tram lines cross the perimeter of the big circle, you get some kind of four-sided geometrical figure with the same perimeter as a square that would fit neatly into the big circle. (I have measured the diameter of the circle parallel with the tram lines to get to this conclusion, but since I only have used the photo in this blog, and no ground measurements, it might be that I am wrong…).
Maybe that’s a strange way of squaring the circle, but it intrigued me. As far as I can understand, this would not have happened, had the crop circle been just a bit larger or smaller.
Thank you for sharing your thoughts!
/Petter
I see now that I have misunderstood the meaning of “squaring the circle”. I took it to mean fitting a square either precisely outside the circle or precisely inside the circle, but I have now seen that it is about finding a square with the same area as the circle. Sorry about that.
However that rightmost tramline that touches the circle centered in the middle, seems to me to pass through the crop circle exactly the same length as the side of a square with the same area as the circle. Maybe that would be squaring the circle?
Best wishes
/Petter
These circles are very impressive. I congratulate the people, and I do mean people, who made them. They have certainly been improving their techniques, and challenged themselves to making more and more ambitious designs. If it were aliens or other superior intellects, of course, they would not need to make such gains in skills, and if anything were intended other than beautiful forms, artistically composed, that “meaning” should be pretty obvious by now.
I wonder if there is anything in the relationship of the three circles in the Barbury Castle crop circle that indicates the irrationality or the never-endingness of Pi.
By the way, Pi can be very rational on the surface of a sphere.
Thank you very much for these elegant subjects being presented so beautifully.
Re: http://aitnaru.org/threepoints.html (a Square One conundrum)
Perhaps, the circle cannot be squared (according to the Greek rules) but a squared circle might be proven geometrically:
In the Square One design on this web page, the green scalene triangle (part of the larger isosceles right triangle) contains a 45-degree angle and, theoretically, a base length equal to the square root of Pi. If the circle is squared, the left diagonal side (one end of this red line is attached to the Pi line) must have length equal to a side of a square inscribed in the primary circle.
And for the square root of Pi, only one diameter provides this exact side length: a circle having a diameter of 2. That Pi is an irrational number is insignificant since the lines in the scalene triangle are complementary (perfectly balance the irrationality of Pi).
If this site is still live
The Pi in CC’s would seem to relate to the Pi message we get from the height to base ratio of the
Great Pyramid which also squares the circle, as I am sure you are aware, as the 7 / 11
height to base gives a square 4 x 11 = 44 and a circle of radius 7 has a circumference of 44.
This is discussed by David Furlong in his book The Keys to the Temple and his proposals
of a twin circle ancient geometric layout on the Marlborough Downs of Wiltshire which is
of course the centre of crop circle activity in the world.
Furlong’s proposals use the as built design of the GP to identify a location near
Marlborough called Temple Farm where there have been crop circles on and around the
property.
Furlong does not say why Temple Farm is an important geographical location but this has
now been established as Great Circle bearings from this location have huge significance when linked to bearings from the GP itself.
Crop Circles would appear to be guiding us to this very ancient and important Landscape
Geometry, the setting out of which would have been beyond the capabilities of any known
culture of the ancient world.
If you are interested I will tell you more
Regards
Mike
Besides 360*360 =129600, here is how the Circle becomes squared using real math. As presented within the Crop Circle of Pi, and at the 9th position, the 3 has been rounded up to equal 4 which is then presented like this. ( 3.*1*4*1*5*9*2*6*5*4 ) So if there are any smart people out there, Why Is This? Why do these 10 digits of Pi equal 3*.1*4*1*5*9*2*6*5*4 =129600, the same as 360 squared??
Roger, those three unequal circles ending the Pi spiral were oftentimes incorrectly interpreted as ellipsis (…) indicating that an established numerical pattern is to be continued. The correct syntax for continuance of the decimal part of Pi is 3.141592653… However, the rounding of the 10th digit up to 4 really opens the door to the funny coincidence of squaring the circle that you’ve mentioned. Of course, the coincidence 360^2 = 3*1*4*1*5*9*2*6*5*4 materializes only when you multiply the digits. If you add them, the coincidence is gone. The instruction to round and multiply is linked to that “mysterious” number 29 Michael wrote about. This number lives in the town named Leap Year, in hotel February (February 29 is the 366th day of the leap year) and leap year comes on average every 4th year. It also visits number Pi when you round up the field-suggested rational approximation into 4 decimal places: 22/7= 3.1429. Now 29 is a prime number, namely the 10th in the series of primes which indicates those 10 digits of Pi. Just convert 10 into its Roman equivalent – 10(dec.)=X(Rom.) – and use the symbol X in the context of arithmetic operations: 3 x 1 x 4 x 1 x … x 5 x 4 = 360 x 360 = 360^2. Where is the instruction to convert 10(dec.) into X(Rom.)? “The site (Barbury Castle) was first occupied some 2500 years ago, and was then in use during the Roman occupation of the area.” (Wiki). But it is the addition of those 10 first rounded digits of the Barbury Castle Pi that places the formation where it is supposed to be: The sum of the digits equals 40, which is congruent to “In 1996 a geophysical survey revealed traces of 40 hut circles inside the castle.” (Wiki.) So the three small circles in the Barbury Castle Pi crop formation were meant to be the symbolic representation of the ancient hut circles.
t.y. Michael for your insights
can still imagine the cube with the same volume/ surface of the sphere
the intersection between the sphere and the cube was already shown several times in the
previous years
it looks like a matter of accuracy, long distance travel
does it make sense?
we deal with this but just in our solar system
the best
manuel